Kudus Kurniawan School of Environmental Science, University of Indonesia, Gedung SIL-SKSG lt. 3, Universitas Indonesia Salemba. Jl. Salemba Raya No. 4, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia 10430
Email: kudus.kurniawan@gmail.com
Jatna Supriatna School of Environmental Science, University of Indonesia, Gedung SIL-SKSG lt. 3, Universitas Indonesia Salemba. Jl. Salemba Raya No. 4, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia 10430. Institute for Sustainable Earth and Resources, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia
Email: jatna.supriatna@gmail.com
Jan Sapoheluwakan Institute for Sustainable Earth and Resources, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia
Email: jan.sopaheluwakan@gmail.com
Tri Edhi Budhi Soesilo School of Environmental Science, University of Indonesia, Gedung SIL-SKSG lt. 3, Universitas Indonesia Salemba. Jl. Salemba Raya No. 4, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia 10430
Email: soesilo@indo.net.id
Sri Mariati Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia
Email: srimariati@stptrisakti.ac.id
Gigit Gunarso Yayasan Belantara, Jakarta, Indonesia
Email: gigitgunarso@gmail.com
Fatimah Institute for Sustainable Earth and Resources, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia
Email: fatimahjannnah9@gmail.com

Abstract:

Due to forest and land fires and various industrial emissions, climate change has become a big issue today. The current article explores the effects of forest and land fire, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, population expansion, and industrialization on Indonesia's climate change. This article gathers statistics from 1991 to 2020 using the World Development Indicators (WDI) and Statista. The researchers utilized dynamic Auto-regressive Distributed Lags (DARDL) to examine the relationship between substudy components. Forest and land fire, CO2 emissions, greenhouse gas emissions, population expansion, and industrialization were positively associated with climate change in Indonesia. The report provides policymakers with suggestions for formulating climate change policies utilizing forest and land fire, CO2, and GHG emissions.

Keywords:Forest and land fire, CO2 emission, GHG emissions, population growth, industrialization, climate change in Indonesia.