Sabah Abdul Ameer Department of Automobile Engineering / College of Engineering/Al-Musayab University of Babylon, Iraq
Email: sabah.abdulameer@uobabylon.edu.iq
Abbas Hameed Abdul Hussein college of IT/ Ahl Al Bayt University/ Kerbala / Iraq
Email: abbas@elearning.abu.edu.iq
Rusul Jabbar Abdul Ridha Department of medical engineering / Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Amarah, Iraq
Email: rusuljabar@uomanara.edu.iq
Bahira Abdulrazzaq Mohammed Department of medical engineering / Al-Hadi University College Baghdad,10011, Iraq
Email: dr.bahera@huc.edu.iq
Raed Khalid College of education/ Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad , Iraq
Email: zubair.1300@yahoo.com
Dheyaa Yahaia Alhameedi Department of Anesthesia, College of health & medical Technology, Sawa University, Almuthana, Iraq
Email: dr.deyaa@sawa-un.edu.iq
Ahmed Razzaq Al-Adday Department of Computer Technical Engineering, Technical Engineering College, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
Email: aladday@alayen.edu.iq
Israa Alhani Department of medical engineering / Mazaya university college/Iraq
Email: israaalhani@mpu.edu.iq
Khudr Bary Freeh Alsrray College of Arts, Department of Media/ Al-Esraa University, Baghad/ Iraq
Email: Khuder@esraa.edu.iq
Ahmed Ayad Abdo Al-qader College of Pharmacy/ National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
Email: ahmed.ayad@nust.edu.iq

Abstract:

The present research explores the impact of various factors, including electrical energy consumption, fossil fuel energy, renewable energy consumption, and natural resource sufficiency, on environmental degradation in Iraq, using data from the World Development Indicator database from 2000 to 2021. The study utilizes the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) method to analyze the relationship among variables and diagnostic testing for heteroskedasticity and serial correlation. The results show that electrical energy consumption positively and significantly impacts environmental degradation, while natural resource sufficiency negatively influences environmental degradation. Moreover, the study examines the moderating effect of natural resource sufficiency, revealing its significant influence on the linakge between renewable energy consumption and environmental degradation. However, no significant moderating effect is observed for electrical and fossil fuel energy consumption. The research sheds light on the importance of energy consumption and natural resources when addressing environmental issues.

Keywords:Environmental degradation, Fossil fuel, Renewable energy consumption, Natural resources, Electrical energy, Ira.