A Model of Regulatory Burden in Technology Diffusion: The Case of Plant-Derived Vaccines

A Model of Regulatory Burden in Technology Diffusion: The Case of Plant-Derived Vaccines

January 1, 2009

David Castle and Kira KumagaiUniversity of OttawaCeline Berard and Martin CloutierUniversity of Québec at MontréalRichard GoldMcGill University Plant-derived vaccines may soon displace conventional vaccines. Assuming there are no major technological barriers undermining the feasibility of this innovative technology, it is worthwhile to…

Global Welfare Effects of GM Sugar Beet under Changing EU Sugar Policies

Global Welfare Effects of GM Sugar Beet under Changing EU Sugar Policies

January 1, 2009

Koen DillenAgricultural and Food Economics Section, Katholieke, Universiteit LeuvenMatty DemontAfrica Rice Center (WARDA)Eric TollensAgricultural and Food Economics Section, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Ex-post impact studies of genetically modified crops indicate that society is capturing sizeable gains in agricultural biotechnology. In Europe, in contrast,…

Private Sector Innovation in Biofuels in the United States: Induced by Prices or Policies?

Private Sector Innovation in Biofuels in the United States: Induced by Prices or Policies?

January 1, 2009

Rupa Karmarkar-Deshmukh and Carl E. PrayRutgers Universi It has been shown in recent years that high energy prices induce investments in energy research. $100/barrel oil, strategic concerns, concerns about global warming, and pork-barrel politics have also rekindled the enthusiasm of the public…

Addressing Micronutrient Deficiencies: Alternative Interventions and Technologies

Addressing Micronutrient Deficiencies: Alternative Interventions and Technologies

December 1, 2007

Laurian UnnevehrUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignCarl PrayRutgers UniversityRobert PaarlbergWellesley College Market failure for nutritional attributes of foods leads to underinvestment in crop breeding to enhance nutritional content of foods. As awareness of the importance of micronutrient deficiencies in the diets of poor…

Patterns of Political Response to Biofortified Varieties of Crops Produced with Different Breeding Techniques and Agronomic Traits

Patterns of Political Response to Biofortified Varieties of Crops Produced with Different Breeding Techniques and Agronomic Traits

December 1, 2007

Carl PrayRutgers UniversityRobert PaarlbergWellesley CollegeLaurian UnnevehrUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign This article first examines the political response to two crops that were nutritionally enhanced through conventional breeding— Quality Protein Maize (QPM) and orange-fleshed sweet potatoes. In the next section, the political response…

Political Actors on the Landscape

Political Actors on the Landscape

December 1, 2007

Robert PaarlbergWellesley CollegeCarl PrayRutgers University The introduction of novel foods and crops into the developing world triggers different reactions from different political actors. Quite often, the patterns of response in developing countries run parallel to policy debates in rich countries, reflecting the…

Crop Case Study: GMO Golden Rice in Asia with Enhanced Vitamin A Benefits for Consumers

Crop Case Study: GMO Golden Rice in Asia with Enhanced Vitamin A Benefits for Consumers

December 1, 2007

David DaweFood and Agriculture Organization (FAO)Laurian UnnevehrUniversity of Illinois Golden Rice is genetically modified to provide beta-carotene in the rice grain and it could potentially address widespread Vitamin A deficiency in poor countries where rice is a staple. Political opponents have viewed…

Crop Case Study: GMO Golden Rice in Asia with Enhanced Vitamin A Benefits for Consumers

Crop Case Study: GMO Golden Rice in Asia with Enhanced Vitamin A Benefits for Consumers

December 1, 2007

David DaweFood and Agriculture Organization (FAO)Laurian UnnevehrUniversity of Illinois Golden Rice is genetically modified to provide beta-carotene in the rice grain and it could potentially address widespread Vitamin A deficiency in poor countries where rice is a staple. Political opponents have viewed…

Biofortification for China: Political Responses to Food Fortification and GM Technology, Interest Groups, and Possible Strategies

Biofortification for China: Political Responses to Food Fortification and GM Technology, Interest Groups, and Possible Strategies

December 1, 2007

Carl E. PrayRutgers UniversityJikun HuangChinese Academy of Sciences Despite making enormous strides in reducing poverty, hunger, and malnutrition, China still has large numbers of people who do not consume sufficient micronutrients such as iron, zinc and Vitamin A. To meet this need,…

Biofortified Crops and Biotechnology: A Political Economy Landscape for India

Biofortified Crops and Biotechnology: A Political Economy Landscape for India

December 1, 2007

Bharat RamaswamiIndian Statistical Institute Micronutrient deficiencies are responsible for major health problems among the poor in India. Biofortification promises to be a cost-effective approach in enhancing the intake of micronutrients. However, it requires government support in terms of resources and regulatory climate….