Jill E. Hobbs, William A. Kerr, and Stuart J. SmythUniversity of Saskatchewan, Canada Establishing tolerance levels for the presence of unwanted materials that may inadvertently become co-mingled with products that are acceptable in markets is a problem for regulators that requires arbitrary…

Nicholas A. LinacreThe University of Melbourne, AustraliaRegina BirnerUniversity of Hohenheim, Germany Access to agricultural technology is important for increasing food security and promoting development in many low-income countries. Increasingly, donor agencies and development institutions are supporting the creation of regional capacity for…

Carl E. PrayRutgers UniversityLatha NagarajanRutgers University and International Fertilizer Development Center Biotechnology influenced Indian R&D through three channels: Bt cotton seed sales increased seed companies’ income, providing them with money to invest in R&D and increasing their expectation for future profits from…

Lisa F. Clark and Peter W.B. PhillipsVALGEN, University of Saskatchewan The behaviors and seemingly disconnected exchanges between actors operating within sub-components of hierarchical decision-making systems can contribute to unanticipated broader-system effects. The concept of complexity is a useful way of better understanding…

Stuart J. Smyth, William A. Kerr, and Peter W.B. PhillipsUniversity of Saskatchewan Biotechnology has triggered a spirited debate about how to assess risks, what rules to use, and where to vest the authority to decide. Post World War II, there has been…

Ayako EbataGeorg-August-Universität Göttingen, GermanyMaarten Punt and Justus WesselerTechnische Universität München, Freising, Germany This article reviews the approval process of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in Japan. The purpose of this review is to explain the Japanese safety approval procedures for food, feed, and…

Jofrey M. Oleke, Victor Manyong, and Djana MignounaInternational Institute of Tropical Agriculture, TanzaniaAida Isinika and Khamaldin MutabaziSokoine University of Agriculture, TanzaniaRachid HannaInternational Institute of Tropical Agriculture, CameroonMaurice SabelisUniversity of Amsterdam The coconut mite, Aceria guerreronis Keifer, has been identified as one of…

Moisés BurachikInstituto de Agrobiotecnología Rosario (INDEAR), Argentina From 1998 to 2003, the European Commission (EC) applied a de facto moratorium on the approval of new genetically engineered products. In Argentina, this situation forced regulatory changes, delaying further development and adoption of agricultural…

Harry de Gorter, Dusan Drabik, and David R. JustCornell University Biofuels policies have a large impact on food-grain commodity prices, first and foremost by linking biofuel prices to feedstock prices. The multiplier effect of higher biofuel prices on feedstock prices is shown…

Richard MulwaCentre for Advanced Studies in Environmental Law and Policy (CASELAP), University of NairobiDavid Wafula and Margaret KarembuISAAA AfriCenterMichael WaithakaASARECA Cotton farmers in the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) face pest challenges, the most destructive of which is the…